Renal function changes and NHS resource use in breast cancer patients with metastatic bone disease treated with IV zoledronic acid or oral ibandronic acid: a four-centre non-interventional study

Abstract

Aims: To describe renal function monitoring practice in patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD) treated with IV zoledronic acid (ZA) and oral ibandronic acid (IA), the management pathways and NHS hospital resources used.

Methods: Medical records of 189 patients; IA (91), ZA (98) with primary breast cancer and MBD were reviewed, and data collected on renal monitoring and hospital visits during bisphosphonate therapy. Time and motion review of resources to administer the bisphosphonates was also conducted.

Results: Only 30% of patients given ZA and no patient given IA had baseline creatinine clearance (CrCl) recorded. Calculated baseline CrCl suggested impaired renal function in 33% ZA and 29% IA patients. Dose reductions were not made correctly in 29 ZA and 2 IA patients whose monitoring suggested it. ZA patients made more clinic and day care attendances than IA-treated patients, at twice the cost. Staff activity and patient time per visit was higher with ZA than IA.

Conclusion: Although limited by retrospective design, these results demonstrate that in many patients, CrCl is not calculated before or during treatment with bisphosphonates. Renal function deteriorated in many patients during therapy. In view of these effects, practice should be reviewed to ensure appropriate dosing.     

基于机器学习的凋亡蛋白的亚细胞位点预测

准确预测凋亡蛋白的亚细胞位点有利于理解细胞死亡的机理和其生物学功能。本文利用裂解位点的蛋白质序列信息提出了一种新的凋亡蛋白的预测算法PSSP.对三个凋亡蛋白数据集进行Jackknife验证表明我们的方法得到了令人满意的结果。     

用ICP-AES技术测定废水中重金属元素含量

我国对排放废水中重金属含量实行严格控制，为了做到安全、准确、快速、有效地实施节能减排，文章研究了将工业废水加硝酸消解后，用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪对水中Cd、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb元素含量进行测定的分析技术。该方法具有检出限低、准确度及精密度高、分析速度快、线性范围宽等优点。     

角速度传感器误差校正研究

某角速度传感器的输入与输出成近似线性关系,测量输出的电压值即可得到目标运动的角速度。为了提高测量的精度,通过对角速度传感器零位和灵敏度的误差进行校正,可得到更为精确的目标运动角速度。实验表明,该校正方法能有效提高角速度传感器的测量精度,有一定的实用性。     

Cervical cancer prevention in Morocco: a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis

Abstract

Objective: Cervical cancer is a huge public health issue in Morocco which represents the second most frequent and fatal cancer among women. Countries that have not yet introduced the HPV vaccine could benefit greatly, but before implementation it is necessary to perform country-specific economic assessments that include current screening practices.

Methods: A Markov model was developed to simulate the natural history of HPV and cervical cancer so as to calculate the long-term health benefits and costs of HPV vaccination and current screening by visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Starting from a previous transition probability matrix used for a model from Spain, the present model was calibrated to cervical cancer incidence from Morocco. Cost survey data was used to estimate the cost of screening and clinical procedures from the public healthcare perspective. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated as 2018US$ per additional year of life saved (YLS) and both costs and health outcomes were discounted at 3%.

Results: The expected reduction in lifetime risk of cervical cancer for current screening would be 14% at a cost of US$551/YLS compared with no intervention, assuming VIA every 3 years in women aged 30–49 at 10% coverage. HPV vaccination of pre-adolescent girls at 70% coverage would reduce the lifetime risk of cervical cancer by 62% at a cost of US$1,150/YLS, compared with no intervention. When implementing HPV vaccination in combination with current screening, vaccination would be dominated, and the combined strategy would provide a 69% reduction at a cost of US$2,843/YLS, compared with screening alone. Current screening would be dominated by vaccination when screening coverage is higher than 15%, whereas the combined strategy rapidly exceeds US$4,000/YLS.

Conclusions: HPV vaccination could be highly effective and cost-effective in Morocco. Current screening would be good value for money compared with no intervention, but scaling-up screening coverage would make it inefficient compared with vaccination.     

从米糠油加工的废弃物中分离提取含量≥98%天然阿魏酸新工艺

文章介绍了从米糠油加工的废弃物中分离提取含量≥98%天然阿魏酸新工艺的技术原理、主要技术指标、技术创新点、关键技术与工艺,以及用户使用效果和项目鉴定结论。     

高硫高酸原油加工过程对设备腐蚀现象的研究

高硫高酸原油在加工过程中会对生产设备造成腐蚀，而且出现的腐蚀种类多样。只有认识和掌握腐蚀产生的条件和机理才能避免或减少腐蚀的产生。文章详细介绍了氯化物腐蚀、硫化物腐蚀、环烷酸腐蚀产生的条件和机理。     

高酸值原油脱酸装置腐蚀防护措施及改进建议

本文根据高酸值原油腐蚀机理,分析了加工高酸值原油对常减压(高酸值原油脱酸装置)装置的腐蚀特点和重点腐蚀部位,并在此基础上提出了具体的防护措施:电脱盐、塔顶"三注"、高温缓蚀剂、腐蚀监测等,并重点介绍了本公司50万吨/年常减压装置的具体防腐措施,实践证明这些措施取得了较好的防腐效果,最后根据实践提出了可行的改进建议。     

新疆地区特色植物油脂的营养分析和发展前景

新疆特产多,特色油料资源丰富,各种特色油脂不饱和脂肪酸成分含量高,并含有维生素、人体必需氨基酸等营养成分,各种油脂的搭配食用,将有利于人体健康。目前,新疆油脂市场品种少,应抓住跨越式发展机遇,加快发展力度,利用新疆本地资源,为广大消费者提供更具营养价值的新疆特色油脂。     

赣北早熟梨有效酸与近红外光谱的相关性研究

通过分析赣北早熟梨有效酸含量与近红外光谱的相关性,试图采用近红外光谱技术对赣北早熟梨有效酸进行无损检测,建立赣北早熟梨有效酸含量和光谱的数学模型。结果表明：利用近红外光谱分析预测赣北早熟梨有效酸含量的方法理想。